Sprains in dogs

Just like humans, dogs can injure themselves when frolicking about. One of the most common things they’re likely to get is a sprain, generally in their leg. These aren’t usually terribly serious, but it’s worth keeping an eye on. Here we look at sprains in dogs, and what to do if your furry friend gets one.

One of the best ways to protect your dog in the event of an injury is with peace-of-mind dog insurance.

What is a sprain?

A sprain in dogs occurs when a ligament – the tissue connecting bones at a joint – is stretched, twisted or torn. Ligaments stabilise joints, and injuries to them can be painful. They may also lead to swelling and difficulty moving. 

They’re usually caused during more strenuous activity, such as while playing, running around or jumping. Dogs can also sprain their limbs by landing awkwardly, slipping on smooth surfaces or twisting their joints during physical exertion.

Also, bear in mind that overweight dogs or those with poor muscle tone may be more prone to sprains. This is due to the extra strain on their joints.

Symptoms of a sprain

Signs of a sprain in dogs include:

• Limping or lameness. You may notice that your dog is favouring other legs, or not using one at all.
• Swelling. The area around the joint may appear swollen or warm to the touch.
• Pain. Your dog may yelp, whine or flinch when the area’s touched, or while trying to walk.
• Reduced activity. A dog with a sprained leg might be reluctant to move or play.
• Abnormal posture. Your dog may hold their leg at an awkward angle, or refuse to put weight on it.

How to find out where the sprain is

Feel and inspect the dog's paw. Does it hurt, or do you see wounds?

Bend and stretch your dog's joints. Does it hurt? Do any joints feel swollen?

It’s not unusual for pet owners to think that the paw is the problem when a dog is lame, when in fact it may be a joint higher up that’s the problem.

How serious is the sprain?

As mentioned, dogs can become lame for many reasons. If your dog suddenly starts limping a little after playing – but without the joint being swollen – you can probably just wait and see if they get better of their own accord.

If your dog has swelling over a joint or does not load the leg at all, you should contact a vet. A young growing dog with sudden lameness should always be examined quickly by a veterinarian.

The vet will examine the affected limb, checking for pain or swelling. They may recommend an X-ray to rule out fractures, dislocations or more severe ligament injuries like a torn cruciate ligament.

How do I treat a dog with a sprained leg?

Treatment for sprains depends on the severity of the injury. But a combination of the following should hopefully help.

Give your dog time to rest

A dog with a limp should rest properly and not strain the leg. Only go for short leash walks and don't let them play with other dogs.

You might also find that using a crate or leash indoors to limit movement will help. A clear improvement in the lameness should hopefully be seen every day.

Cold therapy

Applying a cold compress can help reduce swelling in the first 24 to 48 hours.

Pain relief

If you take them to the vet, they may be prescribed anti-inflammatory medications to manage pain and swelling.

Support

For severe sprains, splints or bandages may be needed to stabilise the joint.

What is a dog with a sprained leg’s recovery time?

Most mild sprains will heal within a few weeks, but it’s always better to be safe than sorry. You should contact a vet if:

• Your dog hasn’t improved after a couple of days
• The lameness disappears with rest but returns after movement
• The joint swells
• It hurts when you touch the joint
• Your dog does not walk on the leg at all