Heatstroke in cats

Most cats enjoy the warmth and usually adjust to higher temperatures. They typically stay in the shade during the day and become more active at night or in the cooler evening hours. Outdoor cats will often seek shelter under trees or in shaded areas to stay cool. However, heatstroke can still occur, especially if your cat becomes overheated or is unable to find a cool place to rest.

How do cats get rid of excess heat?

Cats have a few ways to regulate their body temperature, but these methods are limited in extremely hot conditions. Unlike humans, cats only sweat through their paw pads. They also pant to expel heat through the mucous membranes in their mouth. Licking their fur helps to cool them down by allowing saliva to evaporate, simulating the cooling effect of sweat. 

Additionally, cats will often lie on cool surfaces like tile floors to lower their body temperature. They may also stretch out on their stomachs to increase contact with the cool floor, helping them absorb the coolness.

Cats that are more vulnerable to heatstroke

Certain cats, such as those with narrow airways or pre-existing health conditions, may struggle more in the heat. Older cats, kittens, overweight cats, or those with respiratory issues are more vulnerable to heatstroke. They may need extra care to stay cool during hot weather.

Symptoms of heatstroke in cats

Heatstroke is a serious condition that can quickly become life-threatening for your cat. Symptoms to watch for include:

• Panting. While cats don’t pant as often as dogs, rapid panting can be a sign they are overheated.
• Red or dry mucous membranes. If your cat’s gums or the inside of their mouth appear red or dry, this could indicate dehydration or heat stress.
• Restlessness. Your cat may appear agitated or unable to settle down.
• Lethargy. If your cat is unusually tired or sluggish, it may be a sign of heat exhaustion.
• Excessive salivation. Cats may drool more than usual when they’re overheated.
• Vomiting and diarrhoea. Digestive upset can also occur in cases of heatstroke.
• Collapse. If left untreated, heatstroke can cause your cat to lose consciousness or collapse.

If you notice any of these signs, it’s important to take action immediately. Remove your cat from the heat and take steps to cool them down.

What to do if you suspect heatstroke

If you suspect your cat is suffering from heatstroke, it’s essential to act quickly. Here’s what you can do:

1. Move your cat to a cooler place. Bring them into a shaded area or air-conditioned room as quickly as possible.
2. Cool your cat down. If possible, gently immerse your cat in lukewarm water (avoid ice-cold water, as it can cause shock). Alternatively, spray or sponge your cat with cool water. 
3. Contact your vet. Heatstroke is a medical emergency that requires prompt veterinary attention. Call your vet and inform them of the situation, so they can be prepared when you arrive.
4. Monitor your cat closely. Continue to keep your cat cool and watch for any changes in their condition. Heatstroke can cause further complications, so seeking professional care is crucial.

How to protect your cat against heatstroke

You can take several steps to help keep your cat cool and prevent heatstroke during the summer months:

1. Provide plenty of fresh water. Place bowls of water in different areas inside and outside the house to ensure your cat stays hydrated.
2. Ventilate your home. Keep windows open when safe to do so and use fans to create a cooler environment. If you have access to a screened porch or balcony, allow your cat to enjoy the breeze outside safely.
3. Create a cool indoor space. Cats often seek out cool areas like bathrooms, where the floors stay cool. Leave the bathroom door open so they can rest there during hot days.
4. Use a cat flap or pet door. This allows your cat to move freely between indoors and cooler outdoor spaces. Make sure the outdoor areas are shaded and safe.
5. Never leave your cat in the car. Even with the windows cracked, temperatures inside a parked car can rise quickly, leading to heatstroke in just a few minutes. Always ensure your cat has a cool and safe place to stay, especially when you are out and about.

Extra tips for keeping your cat cool

1. Provide ice cubes. Adding ice cubes to your cat’s water can make it more enticing, especially during the hottest parts of the day.
2. Use a damp towel. Gently wipe your cat’s fur with a damp towel to help cool them down. Make sure the towel is not too cold to avoid shock.
3. Limit outdoor activity. If your cat enjoys going outside, limit their time outdoors, especially during peak heat hours. Early mornings and evenings are the best times for outdoor play or walks.
4. Consider a cooling mat. Some pet stores sell cooling mats for cats that can help lower their body temperature when they lie down. These mats are safe and comfortable for your cat.
5. Brush your cat. Regular grooming can help prevent matting in long-haired cats, which can trap heat. Brushing your cat regularly helps remove excess fur and keeps them cooler.

When to seek veterinary care

If you see any signs of heatstroke, it’s crucial to seek veterinary care right away. Even if your cat appears to recover from mild heat stress, it’s important to monitor them closely. Heatstroke can have lasting effects on a cat’s health and may cause organ damage if not treated properly. 

Preventing heatstroke is always better than treating it. By following the tips above, you can help your cat stay safe during the hot summer months and keep them comfortable as the temperatures rise.

For more information on summer safety and how to keep your cat happy and healthy during the warmer months, check out our guide.