Guide to gingivitis in cats

Gingivitis in cats means inflammation of the gums. It’s often caused by plaque but can also be due to autoimmune diseases, kidney issues, or medications. Here’s what you need to know about symptoms, treatment, and prevention.

What causes gingivitis in cats?

Gingivitis in cats usually happens due to plaque buildup. Plaque is a sticky film of bacteria that forms on the teeth. If not cleaned, it irritates the gums, leading to inflammation. Besides plaque, gingivitis can be triggered by autoimmune diseases, kidney disease, or as a side effect of certain drugs.

Is gingivitis common in cats?

Yes, gingivitis is relatively common in cats. Many cats will experience some level of gum inflammation at some point in their lives. It’s important to spot the signs early to prevent more serious issues.

Symptoms of gingivitis

Signs of gingivitis in cats include:

• Inflamed red gums: The gums may look red and swollen.
• Bleeding: Gums might bleed spontaneously or when touched.
• Foul breath: Bad breath is a common symptom.
• Changes along the gum line: Inflammation usually starts at the gum line and can spread.

Young cats can develop a juvenile form of gingivitis, typically when their permanent teeth come in between 3 to 9 months of age. This may be caused by an exaggerated immune response, bacteria, or viral infection. Some breeds are also believed to be more prone to the condition.

How is gingivitis treated?

Treating gingivitis is crucial to prevent issues such as tooth loss. The process typically involves regular dental care, including brushing your cat’s teeth with a cat-specific toothpaste to reduce plaque. Additionally, a vet may need to perform a thorough professional cleaning to address more serious issues. The vet might also examine tooth pockets and may use X-rays to assess the situation comprehensively.

How to treat gingivitis in cats at home

To manage gingivitis in cats at home:

• Regular tooth brushing: Brush your cat’s teeth regularly to remove plaque. Use cat-friendly toothpaste.
• Healthy diet: Feed your cat a balanced diet to support overall dental health.
• Home remedies: Some suggest natural remedies, but always consult your vet before trying them.

How to prevent gingivitis in cats

Preventing gingivitis involves:

• Brushing teeth regularly: This is the best way to prevent plaque buildup.
• Dental chews and toys: Special chews and toys can help clean teeth and massage gums.
• Routine vet check-ups: Regular vet visits help catch dental issues early.

Is gingivitis in cats contagious?

No, gingivitis in cats is not contagious. It is caused by individual health issues, not by contact with other cats.

Gingivitis stomatitis complex in cats

Some cats develop a more severe condition called gingivitis stomatitis complex. This condition combines gingivitis with severe inflammation of the mouth and throat. It requires more intensive treatment and management.

Does cat insurance cover dental treatment?

Many cat insurance plans include dental cover for issues like gingivitis. Agria cat insurance, for example, covers both dental illness and injury. As long as there were no symptoms before your policy began, and your cat's teeth have been checked by a vet within the previous 12 months, a wide range of common conditions will be covered. See terms and conditions for full details.

Cost of treating gingivitis in cats

The cost of treating gingivitis in cats can vary depending on the severity of the condition and the required treatment. Basic dental cleanings, which are essential for managing mild cases of gingivitis, typically range from £50 to £150. However, if the gingivitis is more advanced, the treatment may involve more extensive procedures such as deep cleaning, X-rays, and potentially even extractions, which can significantly increase the cost. Follow-up visits and ongoing dental care may also add to the overall expense. It’s important to consider these potential costs when planning for your cat's dental health and to discuss the treatment options and associated costs with your vet.

How to treat gingivitis in cats naturally

While professional care is crucial, some natural remedies may help:

• Herbal supplements: Some herbs can support oral health, but always consult your vet first.
• Additives to diet: Certain dietary supplements may help maintain gum health.

Can gingivitis be cured in cats?

Gingivitis can often be managed and improved with proper treatment. However, the condition needs regular maintenance to prevent recurrence. Early treatment and ongoing care can help keep it under control.

All in all, gingivitis in cats is a common issue but manageable with the right care. Regular brushing, a good diet, and routine vet check-ups are essential. For more severe cases, professional treatment will be necessary. Keeping an eye on your cat’s dental health and addressing issues early can help ensure she stays happy and healthy.

Want to know more about caring for your cat's dental health?

Check out our related guides:

•  Cat food and dental health
• Tooth resorption (TR) in cats

Last reviewed by Adam Jolley, September 2024.